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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE |
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Version 2, June 1991 |
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Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA |
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Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license |
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document, but changing it is not allowed. |
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Preamble |
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The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share |
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and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to |
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guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to make sure the |
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software is free for all its users. This General Public License applies to |
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most of the Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program whose |
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authors commit to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software |
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is covered by the GNU Lesser General Public License instead.) You can apply |
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it to your programs, too. |
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When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our |
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General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom |
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to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service if you |
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wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you |
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can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that |
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you know you can do these things. |
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To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to |
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deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. These restrictions |
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translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of |
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the software, or if you modify it. |
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For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or |
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for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have. You |
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must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you |
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must show them these terms so they know their rights. |
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We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) |
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offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute |
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and/or modify the software. |
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Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that |
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everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software. If |
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the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its recipients |
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to know that what they have is not the original, so that any problems introduced |
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by others will not reflect on the original authors' reputations. |
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Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. We |
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wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will individually |
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obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program proprietary. To prevent |
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this, we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone's |
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free use or not licensed at all. |
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The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification |
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follow. |
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TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION |
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0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice |
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placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms |
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of this General Public License. The "Program", below, refers to any such program |
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or work, and a "work based on the Program" means either the Program or any |
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derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the |
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Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated |
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into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation |
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in the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you". |
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Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered |
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by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of running the Program |
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is not restricted, and the output from the Program is covered only if its |
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contents constitute a work based on the Program (independent of having been |
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made by running the Program). Whether that is true depends on what the Program |
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does. |
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1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source code |
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as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately |
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publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; |
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keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence |
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of any warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this |
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License along with the Program. |
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You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you |
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may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. |
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2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, |
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thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and distribute such modifications |
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or work under the terms of Section 1 above, provided that you also meet all |
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of these conditions: |
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a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that |
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you changed the files and the date of any change. |
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b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in whole or |
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in part contains or is derived from the Program or any part thereof, to be |
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licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this |
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License. |
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c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run, |
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you must cause it, when started running for such interactive use in the most |
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ordinary way, to print or display an announcement including an appropriate |
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copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that |
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you provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under |
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these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this License. |
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(Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print |
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such an announcement, your work based on the Program is not required to print |
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an announcement.) |
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These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable |
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sections of that work are not derived from the Program, and can be reasonably |
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considered independent and separate works in themselves, then this License, |
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and its terms, do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as |
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separate works. But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole |
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which is a work based on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be |
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on the terms of this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend |
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to the entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote |
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it. |
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Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your |
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rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to exercise |
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the right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based |
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on the Program. |
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In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with |
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the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of a storage |
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or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this |
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License. |
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3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under Section |
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2) in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above |
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provided that you also do one of the following: |
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a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, |
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which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium |
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customarily used for software interchange; or, |
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b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give |
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any third party, for a charge no more than your cost of physically performing |
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source distribution, a complete machine-readable copy of the corresponding |
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source code, to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on |
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a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, |
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c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute |
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corresponding source code. (This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial |
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distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable |
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form with such an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) |
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The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making |
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modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source code means all |
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the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface |
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definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation |
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of the executable. However, as a special exception, the source code distributed |
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need not include anything that is normally distributed (in either source or |
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binary form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the |
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operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component itself |
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accompanies the executable. |
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If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to |
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copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy the |
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source code from the same place counts as distribution of the source code, |
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even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source along with |
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the object code. |
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4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except |
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as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, |
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sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and will automatically terminate |
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your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, |
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or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated |
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so long as such parties remain in full compliance. |
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5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed |
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it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the |
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Program or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law if you |
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do not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or distributing the Program |
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(or any work based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License |
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to do so, and all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying |
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the Program or works based on it. |
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6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program), |
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the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor |
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to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions. |
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You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of |
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the rights granted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance |
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by third parties to this License. |
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7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement |
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or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), conditions are imposed |
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on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the |
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conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of |
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this License. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your |
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obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as |
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a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a |
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patent license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program |
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by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the |
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only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely |
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from distribution of the Program. |
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If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any |
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particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply and |
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the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances. |
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It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents |
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or other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims; |
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this section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free |
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software distribution system, which is implemented by public license practices. |
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Many people have made generous contributions to the wide range of software |
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distributed through that system in reliance on consistent application of that |
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system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing to |
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distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose |
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that choice. |
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This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a |
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consequence of the rest of this License. |
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8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain |
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countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright |
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holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical |
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distribution limitation excluding those countries, so that distribution is |
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permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded. In such case, this |
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License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License. |
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9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of |
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the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar |
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in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new |
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problems or concerns. |
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Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies |
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a version number of this License which applies to it and "any later version", |
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you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version |
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or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the |
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Program does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose |
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any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation. |
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10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs |
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whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author to ask for |
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permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, |
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write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. |
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Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status |
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of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse |
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of software generally. |
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NO WARRANTY |
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11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR |
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THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE |
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STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM |
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"AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, |
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BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS |
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FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE |
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OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME |
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THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. |
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12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING |
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WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE |
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THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY |
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GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE |
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OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA |
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OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES |
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OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH |
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HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. |
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END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS |
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How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs |
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If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible |
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use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software |
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which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. |
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To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach |
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them to the start of each source file to most effectively convey the exclusion |
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of warranty; and each file should have at least the "copyright" line and a |
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pointer to where the full notice is found. |
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<one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does.> |
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Copyright (C)< yyyy> <name of author> |
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This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under |
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the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software |
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Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later |
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version. |
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This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT |
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ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS |
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FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. |
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with |
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this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin |
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Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. |
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Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. |
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If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this when |
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it starts in an interactive mode: |
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Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author Gnomovision comes |
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with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, |
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and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show |
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c' for details. |
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The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate |
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parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may be |
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called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be mouse-clicks |
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or menu items--whatever suits your program. |
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You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your school, |
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if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. Here |
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is a sample; alter the names: |
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Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program `Gnomovision' |
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(which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. |
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<signature of Ty Coon >, 1 April 1989 Ty Coon, President of Vice This General |
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Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary |
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programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more |
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useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If this |
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is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General Public License instead |
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of this License. |